Espadim coin of King Afonso V (1438–1481), Espadim or 4 Reais Brancos, a rare variant with the obverse legend separated by double annulets instead of the usual two dots. Legend: +ALFONSVS 8 DEI 8 GRACIE 8 R / + ADIVTORIVN : NOSTRVN : IN : N. The Espadim has always been a highly prized coin among collectors, not only because of its scarcity but also due to its central allegory, which is extremely original considering the period in which it was struck, presenting a design that clearly stands out from other coins of its time. Within a smooth circular border, the field displays four double tetralobed arches, adorned on both the inner and outer sides with annulets, over which is superimposed a hand emerging from the right, grasping a short sword by the upper part of the blade. The sword runs along the entire central axis of the coin, with the legend interrupted at the hilt and at the tip of the blade; to the left, directly in front of the hand, appears the letter “A”. The Espadins were struck during the reign of King Afonso V, known as “The African,” the twelfth King of Portugal, born in 1432 and who reigned from 1438 until his death in 1481. His consort was Queen Isabel of Lancaster.

Portuguese Coins Minted in Porto in the Collection of the Numismatic Cabinet is a publication dedicated to the study and inventory of Portuguese coins struck in the city of Porto and preserved in the municipal numismatic collection.

Published in 1989 by Casa Tait – Museums Division of the Porto City Council, the book presents a catalogue of coins minted in Porto, providing descriptions of the pieces and historical references to their respective issues.

The work contributes to the study of Portuguese numismatics and highlights the historical role of Porto as an important minting center in Portugal.

Africa Portuguese Angola, big copper coin of 1 Macuta dated 1763, from the reign of King José I (Portugal, 1750–1777). Former Portuguese colony of Angola. (Variant with 72 pearls, 5 pearls on the outer arcs of the crown, “ET” in the legend joined). World Coins Angola KM#12. King José I (1750–1777), nicknamed “The Reformer”, was the 26th King of Portugal. He was born in 1714 and reigned from 1750 until his death in 1777. His wife was Mariana Victoria of Bourbon.