Coins of the Roman Empire include the monetary issues struck from Augustus in the late 1st century BC to the fall of the Empire in the 5th century AD, reflecting imperial authority, official propaganda and the political and military evolution of Rome. They comprise denarii, aurei, sestertii, antoniniani, solidi and bronze denominations, as well as provincial and colonial issues attributed to each emperor, featuring portraits, deities, military symbols, victory themes and messages designed to reinforce imperial power. These coins form one of the most important traditions of ancient numismatics and provide direct historical testimony to the reigns, campaigns and transformations of the Roman world.